for causes to the spread of avian influenza in Germany in get a dead end. As a possible vector currently train and other game birds are placed in the foreground. For this mode of transmission worldwide but there is as yet no evidence of local spread (several kilometers) apart. Main mode of transmission the last few months is expected in addition to the global poultry trade in the use of poultry manure as fertilizer in fish farms and may also be in agriculture. Another role may play slaughterhouse wastes and other waste products of the mass poultry. It is clear that in Germany, currently in ignorance of some wrong action is taken.
like this I explain below:
I am a week ago returned from East Asia, where I could learn extensively by the local ornithologist on the occurrence of avian influenza (collectively referred to as sources1 +2, extensive details in Source3). There were individual Cases of the occurrence in recent months and years analyzed, with the result that wild birds as vectors over large distances are extremely unlikely. Migration routes and flight routes of wild birds do not correlate with the propagation paths of the disease. Neither in Asia nor from Asia to Europe, there are migration routes between the affected areas. Only one case of possible transport of virus by wild birds from China to the South Mongolia (some 100 km) is mentioned by the Asian bird watchers. There was an outbreak on a local basis, and the field disappeared within weeks - in line with other "normal" pathological in wild animal populations with natural selection. There was no transmission to poultry.
Wild birds are not vectors, but on the other hand the victims of human action, as demonstrated by the sometimes spectacular eruptions (eg, the death of thousands of bar-headed geese in a short time in Qinghai, China in May 2005). It is also not likely that an infected bird can still fly long distances, most birds die on the spot. It is noticeable also that occurs in countries with strict import controls, even though no avian 100.000de of migratory birds from infected areas also move there, such as Japan, South Korea, Malaysia and Australia. In South Korea alone has over a million wintering waterfowl from China and Siberia.
The course of the disease spreading in recent months, however, can be well explained with the two presumed main transmission routes: first, the trade in poultry and wild birds. It is to think of people who carry the virus (eg clothing or equipment) from one posture to another animal. Still finds illegal trade instead of chickens from China (apprehended in Italy in October 2005 and in the UK, the outbreak in Nigeria). Also traded with wild birds, the virus reached Europe. On the other hand, it is the trade in poultry products. This includes especially poultry manure as fertilizer in the fishing industry, but also in agriculture. As fertilizer and waste from slaughter houses are used. Worse, According to current information (see Source3) are slaughterhouse waste and other organic waste from the mass poultry (including corpses) to processed animal feed - again for poultry. Apparently, the poultry industry disposed of their waste by selling it. Parallels with the BSE scandal are striking. The virus is weeks in manure and other organic material to survive (FAO statement, and references. Quelle3a after, under favorable conditions, 30-35 days).
It has already been known that the giant factory farms in China solved its feces disposal problem in that they sell the manure as fertilizer. The FAO has this massive support and encouraging the use in fish ponds to increase yields. This is the distribution channel, the last few months is probably the majority of new Pestausbrüche due. The aforementioned mass death of bar-headed geese in Qinghai is preceded that have been created with the support of FAO fish ponds that were fertilized with poultry intensively. As mentioned countries have been spared with strict controls on imports of avian influenza. Countries mit schlechten Einfuhrkontrollen sind jedoch von vielen Krankheitsausbrüchen betroffen. Handel mit Geflügelkot findet auch aus Asien heraus und offensichtlich bis nach Europa hinein statt. So findet sich im Internet die (von mir nicht überprüfte) Aussage über intensive Importe von Dünger aus Geflügelprodukten aus China zur Verwendung in Fischteichen in Serbien (Quellen3a+3b). Nebenbei bemerkt gibt es auch in der Türkei industrielle Hühnerhaltung, die ihre Abfälle als Dünger entsorgt.
Ausführliche Informationen zur Verwendung von Vogelkot in Fischteichen siehe unter Quelle3b.
Mit diesem Wissen aus Asien zurückgekommen, fällt mir die in Deutschland erzeugte öffentliche Panik Wild birds, especially in front. Even official I am confronted hereby. The first applications for the removal of house martin nests were found, a project to accommodate injured wild birds has been closed by the vets, and callers ask about the dangers of staying outside. It currently goes by without television evening, set in the not so-called "bird flu experts," the spread of the disease by migrating birds in the foreground, and also Minister Seehofer has, in the grim television on the coming migratory birds there (in "Christiansen", 2/26/2006) .
It is amazing that even the science in Germany "competent" Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut Wildvögel für einen möglichen Überträger hält (Pressemitteilung vom 20.1.2006). Es wird aber nirgendwo darüber Auskunft gegeben, welche Vögel denn den Erregern von A nach B transportiert haben können. Weder für Rügen noch für den Bodensee liegen hierzu Aussagen vor.
Da ist zu fragen, was in Deutschland denn für die Krankheitsausbrüche verantwortlich ist. In Hongkong witzelt man über den Zufall, dass der räumlich völlig isolierte Ausbruch auf Rügen nur wenige Kilometer neben den Laboren des Friedlich-Löffler-Institut stattgefunden hat (Quelle3a). Wurde dort mit dem Erreger gearbeitet und haben sich alle mit dem Erreger umgehenden Mitarbeiter ausreichend dekontaminiert, before they leave the institution grounds? For much more likely but I think the way of fertilizer. Then point out the chiefly affected water birds. I have not read anywhere or heard, that control of the applied fertilizer were made, and this infection can be ruled out. This has to be gefahndet intense, because if businesses are to make false declarations are also not ruled out (see "rotten meat" and BSE scandal, illegal trade in protected animal and plant species).
find noteworthy, I also found that mute swans are very frequent victims named among the wild birds, including in previous outbreaks in East and Southern Europe. These are certainly striking, and are therefore easier to find than other birds. Seems likely, however, that they are at risk of particular ecological food. In fish ponds, swans come because of her long neck and easier accessibility of the sediment may be more intense with the introduced pathogens in contact as other water birds. In addition, mute swans are also looking to food fields (stubble, canola fields, etc.), where they also may be exposed to the pathogen (introduced by fertilizers).
are the way, poultry husbandry victims of avian influenza and thus the poultry industry: Direct (potentially) by the trade in contaminated pet food, and indirectly by the official action against the alleged spread of the disease by wild birds (Einstallungsflicht).
I would therefore urge that - not to promote fairy tales of the wild birds as vectors for avian influenza on - admittedly very comfortable. It leads to panic behavior in the population, mainly because it prevents to find the actual cause and to prevent the further spread of the disease. Inevitably, many "protective measures" into space, instead, be the wrong betroffen (Naturbesucher, Kleintierhalter).
Hingegen sollte bei jedem neuen Ausbruch der Seuche bei Wildvögeln die Frage im Mittelpunkt stehen, wie das Virus in die Landschaft (und damit die Nahrungskette) eingebracht wurde. Welche Geflügelprodukte sind verwendet worden? Wo stammen diese her? Ist irgendwo Geflügelkot aus Befallsgebieten untergemischt worden? Sind alle Düngerlieferungen richtig deklariert worden? Im Grunde genommen könnte bei jedem neuen Ausbruch in Deutschland sofort eine Strafanzeige gegen Unbekannt gestellt werden.
Quelle1: www.birdskorea.org/poultryflu_mainpage.asp
Quelle2: www.birdlife.org/action/science/species/avian_flu/index.html
Source3: www.drmartinwilliams.com / forum
Quelle3a: www.drmartinwilliams.com / component / option, com_simpleborard / Itemid, 155/func, view / id, 271 / ...
Quelle3b: www.drmartinwilliams.com / component / option, com_simpleboard / Itemid, 155/func, view / id, 209 / ...
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